Yesterday, the Japanese Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency revised its preliminary rating of the Fukushima crisis, upgrading it to the highest level on the International Nuclear and Radiological Event Scale. That places it on par with Chernobyl, the only other event to reach the maximum rating of 7 on the INES scale. The two events, however, have some very distinctive properties that raise questions about whether a single numerical rating can really convey the relevant information to the public.
The INES rating system is maintained by the International Atomic Energy Agency; it's designed to help authorities (either national or industrial) to provide an easy way to inform the public of the severity of an incident. At its low end, it involves things like minor exposures to radioactivity or the theft of short-lived isotopes. Level 7 events, at the other end of the spectrum, involve large releases of radioactive material into the environment and extended cleanup. (Details on the rating system are available in the INES User's Manual.)
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